New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

When transporting a patient on low-concentration oxygen who is not in respiratory distress, which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate?

1. Non-rebreather mask (NRB)

2. Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD)

3. BVM with supplemental oxygen

4. Nasal cannula

The correct answer is: Nasal cannula

When a patient requires low-concentration oxygen and is not in respiratory distress, the most appropriate device to use is a nasal cannula. This device is designed to deliver oxygen at lower flow rates, typically between 1 to 6 liters per minute, which corresponds to a concentration of approximately 24% to 44% oxygen. It allows the patient to breathe room air along with the supplemental oxygen, making it suitable for patients whose conditions do not necessitate a higher concentration of oxygen. The nasal cannula is comfortable and allows for easier talking and drinking compared to more restrictive devices, which is especially beneficial for patients who are stable and not in distress. This method of oxygen delivery is less invasive and more tolerable for patients who may need to wear it for an extended period. The other devices mentioned provide higher concentrations of oxygen or are intended for patients requiring more significant assistance with breathing. For example, a non-rebreather mask provides high flow oxygen and is typically used in cases of severe respiratory distress. Similarly, a bag-valve-mask (BVM) with supplemental oxygen is used for patients requiring assisted ventilation. The flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device is also not appropriate in this situation as it is designed for emergencies where ventilatory support is needed