New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What is the appropriate action to take when you must apply restraints to a patient?

1. When patient is rational

2. When patient is in discomfort

3. When directed by a physician at the hospital

4. When patient calms down

The correct answer is: When patient is rational

In the context of applying restraints to a patient, the most appropriate action is to do so when the patient is rational. This is crucial because a patient who is fully aware and understands their surroundings can provide informed consent when possible. Restraining a rational patient is often considered more ethically acceptable, as it respects their autonomy and enables clear communication regarding the reasons for restraint. When restraints are applied, it is essential to ensure that it is done for the safety of the patient or others and not solely based on behavior. A rational patient can understand the situation, which helps to build trust and cooperation, making the experience less traumatic for everyone involved. In emergencies, the healthcare provider's judgment regarding the patient's ability to understand the situation plays a critical role in making the decision to use restraints. Furthermore, applying restraints without proper justification or when the patient is not rational can lead to legal and ethical issues, making it imperative for EMTs to assess the patient’s mental status before proceeding with such actions.