New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What is an indicator that a patient is not getting sufficient oxygen?

1. Pink nail beds

2. Smell of nail polish

3. Use of accessory muscles while breathing

4. Normal respiratory rate

The correct answer is: Use of accessory muscles while breathing

When evaluating a patient's oxygenation status, the use of accessory muscles while breathing is a significant indicator that the patient may not be receiving sufficient oxygen. Accessory muscles, such as those in the neck and shoulders, are typically engaged during labored breathing, indicating that the patient is struggling to breathe normally. This increased effort often occurs when the body is attempting to compensate for inadequate oxygen levels, suggesting possible respiratory distress or a serious underlying condition affecting oxygen delivery. In contrast, pink nail beds indicate good oxygenation, as they suggest that the blood is adequately saturated with oxygen. The presence of nail polish does not provide relevant information about the patient's oxygen levels, and a normal respiratory rate typically signifies that the patient is not experiencing respiratory distress. Therefore, the activation of accessory muscles is a clear and clinical sign that the patient may need further evaluation and intervention regarding their oxygenation and respiratory efforts.